How to prevent deformation of shelves

　　When designing the shelf structure, comprehensive consideration should be given to factors such as usage requirements, equipment conditions, load properties, material supply, and installation conditions. Reasonable selection of structural form, construction measures, and production materials should be made to achieve advanced technology, economic rationality, safety and applicability, and ensure quality.

　　2. The dimensional tolerances, deformations, and clearances of the shelves should comply with relevant standards.

　　3. There is a strict design procedure, and when designing the shelf structure in both durability limit state and maximum load limit state, it must comply with relevant standards and have calculation sheets. For major projects, finite element calculations must be carried out to composite the strength, stiffness, and stability of the shelves, and a comprehensive assessment of safety under earthquake action must be conducted. For standard shelves that are reused, there should be a universal calculation sheet.

　　The data used for calculation must be based on evidence or obtained through experiments. It is often difficult to make precise theoretical analysis of shelf structures, and it is necessary to rely on corresponding experiments to determine the required parameters in the design. Alternatively, the load-bearing capacity of the shelf structure or a certain component can be directly determined through experiments. The experiment should have a report, and the testing equipment should be calibrated and inspected by a qualified metrology department recognized by the country.

　　Beam type shelves must be equipped with locking devices at both ends of each beam, or screws and nuts must be provided for fastening, so that the beam can be stably fixed on the column to prevent detachment due to upward external forces. To ensure the connection between the crossbeam and its locking device (or screws and nuts), the normal operation of the crossbeam lock or the tightening of screws and nuts should be regularly checked during use, and damaged devices should be replaced in a timely manner.

　　6. The base of the shelf column should be correctly fixed on the concrete foundation. It is necessary to clarify whether the connection method between the shelves and the ground is to use embedded parts, secondary pouring scheme, or chemical bolts directly connected to the ground. The minimum size for embedding the diameter of bolts must be determined through calculation based on actual loads, seismic loads, or wind loads. Small shelves with manual loading below 2.4m may not be fixed. The concrete for the foundation of fixed shelf columns must be continuously cured for 28 days and withstand the corresponding pressure. The uneven settlement of the foundation must meet the requirements for use.

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